Isikhunta sepulasitiki siyithuluzi elihambisana nemishini yokubumba yepulasitiki embonini yokucubungula ipulasitiki ukuze kunikezwe imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ukucushwa okuphelele nosayizi oqondile. Ngokwezindlela ezahlukene zokubumba, singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zesikhunta.
1. Idayi yokubumba ye-polystyrene enwetshiwe kakhulu
Luhlobo lwesikhunta olusebenzisa i-polystyrene enwebekayo (izinto zokusetshenziswa ezenziwe nge-polystyrene kanye ne-foam agent) ukuze kwakhiwe izinto zokupakisha ze-foam ezinezimo ezahlukahlukene ezifunwayo.
Isimiso siwukuthi i-polystyrene enwebekayo ingashiswa ngesitimu esikhumbeni, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zezikhunta ezilula zokusebenza ngesandla kanye nezikhunta zepulasitiki ze-hydraulic eziqondile, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yokupakisha yemikhiqizo yezimboni. Izinto zokwenza izikhunta ezinjalo yi-aluminium ephothiwe, insimbi engagqwali, ithusi, njll.
2. Isikhunta sokucindezela
Kubandakanya ukubumba okucindezelwe kanye nokubumba ngomjovo, izinhlobo ezimbili zesikhunta esakhiweni. Ziwuhlobo lwesikhunta olusetshenziswa kakhulu ukubumba amapulasitiki e-thermosetting, futhi imishini ehambisanayo iwumshini wokubumba ocindezelayo.
Indlela yokubumba ngokucindezela Ngokwezici zepulasitiki, isikhunta sishiswa sifike ezingeni lokushisa lokubumba (ngokuvamile 103°108°), bese kufakwa impuphu yokubumba ngokucindezela elinganisiwe emgodini wesikhunta kanye negumbi lokudla, isikhunta siyavalwa, bese ipulasitiki ishiswa ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. Thambisa ukugeleza okuqinile, uqine futhi ubumbeke ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, bese uba yisimo somkhiqizo ofiselekayo.
Umehluko phakathi kokubumba ngomjovo kanye nokubumba ngokucindezela ukuthi ayikho igumbi lokudla elihlukile. Isikhunta siyavalwa ngaphambi kokubumba, bese ipulasitiki ishiswa kakhulu ekamelweni lokudla bese iba isimo sokugeleza okuqinile. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela, siyalungiswa futhi sicindezelwe emgodini wesikhunta ukuze siqine futhi sakheke.
Isikhunta sokucindezela sakhiwe kakhulu ngesikhala, isikhala sokudla, indlela yokuqondisa, izingxenye zokukhipha, uhlelo lokushisa, njll. Izikhunta zomjovo zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekupakisheni izingxenye zikagesi. Izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezikhunta zokucindezela ngokuyisisekelo zifana nezikhunta zomjovo.
3. Isikhunta somjovo
Ngokuyinhloko isikhunta sokubumba esivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ze-thermoplastic. Imishini yokucubungula ehambisana nesikhunta sokubumba iwumshini wokubumba ngomjovo. Ipulasitiki iqala ifudumale futhi incibilike emgqonyeni wokushisa phansi komshini wokubumba ngomjovo. Ngaphansi kokucindezelwa kwepulaki, ingena emgodini wesikhunta nge-nozzle yomshini wokubumba ngomjovo kanye nohlelo lokuthulula lwesikhunta, bese ipulasitiki ipholiswa futhi iqiniswe ukuze yakheke, bese umkhiqizo utholakala ngokuwususa.
Isakhiwo sayo sivame ukwakhiwa izingxenye zokwakha, uhlelo lokuthulula, izingxenye eziqondisayo, indlela yokuphusha, uhlelo lokulawula izinga lokushisa, uhlelo lokukhipha umoya, izingxenye ezisekelayo nezinye izingxenye, futhi yenziwe ngensimbi yepulasitiki yokubumba. Inqubo yokubumba umjovo ivame ukufanela kuphela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-thermoplastic. Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ekhiqizwa yinqubo yokubumba umjovo ibanzi kakhulu. Kusukela ezidingweni zansuku zonke kuya kumishini kagesi ehlukahlukene eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezingxenye zezimoto, konke kwenziwa ngezinhlobo zokubumba umjovo. Enye yezindlela zokucubungula ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yepulasitiki.
4. Isikhunta esivunguzayo
Isikhunta esisetshenziselwa ukwakha imikhiqizo engenalutho yesitsha sepulasitiki (njengemabhodlela eziphuzo, imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke kanye nezinye izitsha zokupakisha). Uhlobo lokubumba ngokufutha luhlanganisa kakhulu ukubumba ngokufutha ngokufutha kanye nokubumba ngokufutha ngokwesimiso senqubo. Lesi simiso sihlanganisa kakhulu ukubumba ngokufutha ngokufutha ngokufutha, ukubumba ngokufutha ngokufutha, ukubumba ngokufutha ngokufutha (okwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ukufutha ngokufutha), ukubumba ngokufutha okunezingqimba eziningi, ukubumba ngokufutha ngamashidi, njll. Imishini ehambisana nokubumba ngokufutha kwemikhiqizo engenalutho ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi umshini wokubumba ngokufutha ngepulasitiki, kanti ukubumba ngokufutha kufaneleka kuphela ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ye-thermoplastic. Isakhiwo sesikhunta ngokufutha silula, futhi izinto ezisetshenziswayo zenziwe kakhulu ngekhabhoni.
5. Idayi yokukhipha
Uhlobo lwesikhunta olusetshenziswa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yepulasitiki enomumo oqhubekayo, olwaziwa nangokuthi ikhanda lokubumba eliphumayo, lusetshenziswa kabanzi ekucutshungulweni kwamapayipi, imigoqo, ama-monofilaments, amapuleti, amafilimu, ukumbozwa kwentambo kanye nekhebula, izinto ezifakwe iphrofayili, njll.
Imishini yokukhiqiza ehambisanayo iyi-extruder yepulasitiki. Isimiso siwukuthi ipulasitiki eqinile iyancibilika futhi yenziwe ipulasitiki ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa kanye nokujikeleza kwezikulufo ze-extruder, futhi yenziwe ibe yisigaba esifanayo nesimo se-die nge-die yesimo esithile. Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki eqhubekayo. Izinto zayo zokukhiqiza ikakhulukazi ziyinsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni, amathuluzi e-alloy, njll., kanti amanye ama-die e-extrusion nawo afakwe izinto ezingagugi njengedayimane ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukumelana nokugugi.
Inqubo yokukhipha imvamisa ifaneleka kuphela ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ye-thermoplastic, ehluke kakhulu ezikhumbeni zokujova kanye nezikhumbeni zokucindezela ngesakhiwo.
6. Isikhunta se-blister
Isikhunta esisebenzisa amapuleti namashidi epulasitiki njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ukwakha imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elula. Uma sithambisa, siyaguquguquka futhi sinamathele emgodini wesikhunta ukuze kutholakale umkhiqizo owubunjiwe owufunayo, osetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ezinye zezinto ezidingekayo nsuku zonke, ukudla kanye nemikhiqizo yokupakisha amathoyizi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-12-2022