Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki ezimotweni kuqhubekile nokukhula. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki yezimoto eJalimane, e-United States, eJapane nakwamanye amazwe kufinyelele ku-10% kuya ku-15%, kanti amanye aze afinyelela ngaphezu kuka-20%. Uma sibheka izinto ezisetshenziswa ezimotweni zesimanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izingxenye zokuhlobisa zangaphandle, izingxenye zokuhlobisa zangaphakathi, noma izingxenye ezisebenzayo nezakhiwe, isithunzi sokukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki singabonakala yonke indawo. Futhi ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobulukhuni, amandla, kanye nezakhiwo zokubopha zepulasitiki yobunjiniyela, amafasitela epulasitiki, iminyango, ozimele ngisho nezimoto ezenziwe ngepulasitiki yonke ziye zavela kancane kancane, futhi inqubo yokwenza ipulasitiki yezimoto ishesha.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ipulasitiki njengezinto zezimoto?
1.Ukubumba ngepulasitiki kulula, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukucubungula izingxenye ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, lapho iphaneli yezinsimbi icutshungulwa ngamapuleti ensimbi, kuvame ukudingeka ukuthi kuqale kucutshungulwe futhi kulolongwe izingxenye ezahlukene, bese kuzihlanganisa noma kuzishise ngezixhumi, okudinga izinqubo eziningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki kungabunjwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, isikhathi sokucubungula sifushane, futhi ukunemba kuyaqinisekiswa.
2. Inzuzo enkulu yokusebenzisa ipulasitiki ezintweni zezimoto ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba wemoto. Isisindo esincane yinhloso ephishekelwa imboni yezimoto, futhi ipulasitiki ingabonisa amandla ayo kulokhu. Ngokuvamile, amandla adonsela phansi epulasitiki angu-0.9 ~ 1.5, kanti amandla adonsela phansi athile ezinto ezihlanganisiwe eziqiniswe ngefayibha ngeke adlule u-2. Phakathi kwezinto zensimbi, amandla adonsela phansi athile ensimbi engu-A3 angu-7.6, ithusi lingu-8.4, kanti i-aluminium ingu-2.7. Lokhu kwenza ipulasitiki ibe yinto ekhethwayo ezimotweni ezilula.
3. Izici zokuguquguquka okunwebekayo kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki zimunca inani elikhulu lamandla okushayisana, zinomphumela omkhulu wokubopha emiphumeleni enamandla, futhi zivikele izimoto nabagibeli. Ngakho-ke, amaphaneli ezinsimbi zepulasitiki namasondo okuqondisa asetshenziswa ezimotweni zesimanje ukuthuthukisa umphumela wokubopha. Amabhampa angaphambili nangemuva kanye nemichilo yomzimba yenziwe ngezinto zepulasitiki ukunciphisa umthelela wezinto ezingaphandle kwemoto emsindweni wemoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipulasitiki nayo inomsebenzi wokumunca nokunciphisa ukudlidliza nomsindo, okungathuthukisa induduzo yokugibela.
4. Amapulasitiki angenziwa abe amapulasitiki anezakhiwo ezidingekayo ngokungeza ama-filler ahlukene, ama-plasticizer kanye nama-hardener ngokuya ngokwakheka kwamapulasitiki, futhi amandla omshini kanye nezakhiwo zokucubungula kanye nokubumba kwezinto zingashintshwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezingxenye ezahlukene emotweni. Isibonelo, i-bumper kumele ibe namandla amakhulu omshini, kuyilapho i-cushion kanye ne-backrest kumele kwenziwe nge-polyurethane foam ethambile.
5.Ipulasitiki inokumelana okuqinile kokugqwala futhi ngeke igqwale uma yonakele endaweni. Kodwa-ke, uma ubuso bopende sebonakele noma i-anti-gqwala ingenziwanga kahle ekukhiqizweni kwensimbi, kulula ukugqwala nokugqwala. Ukumelana kokugqwala kwamapulasitiki kuma-asidi, ama-alkali, nosawoti kukhulu kunokwamapuleti ensimbi. Uma amapulasitiki esetshenziswa njengezembozo zomzimba, afaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokungcola okukhulu.
Ngokuvamile, amapulasitiki ezimoto athuthukile kusukela ezingxenyeni ezijwayelekile zokuhlobisa kuya ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo nezingxenye ezisebenzayo; izinto zepulasitiki zezimoto ziyathuthuka zibheke ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe kanye ne-alloys zepulasitiki ezinamandla aphezulu, umthelela ongcono, kanye nokugeleza okuphezulu kakhulu. Kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe ukuze kukhuthazwe izimoto zepulasitiki esikhathini esizayo. Akuyona nje inkinga yokuphepha, kodwa futhi nezinkinga ezifana nokuguga kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha. Lokhu kudinga ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-05-2021